Which of the following is a key reason why international collaborations can be challenging?

A. The collaborators may have different disciplinary and cultural backgrounds and practices.

B. Federal agencies are not permitted to encourage international collaborations.

C. International collaboration is rare and is on the decline.

D. There are currently no international ethical guidelines for research.

Answer:- A. The collaborators may have different disciplinary and cultural backgrounds and practices.

Language barriers and cultural differences among collaborators can complicate communication. Answer: Option (a) is correct.

From the specified options, the following could be specified as the chief reason why international partnerships can be hard, i.e. “The collaborators or the parties involved may have a different disciplinary and cultural environment and practices.” Barriers of language and culture can be termed as a protuberant force that can confuse communication between parties involved.