Use the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is most stable.

A. F22+

B. Ne22+

C. F22-

D. O22+

E. F2

Answer:- A. F22+

The most stable element based on the molecular orbital diagram is  F²⁺₂.

Explanation:

Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT) was planned by Hund and Mulliken. The philosophy labels the bonding in molecules, elements, or atoms. The philosophy uses Molecular Orbital (MO) diagram to clarify the bonding between atoms. For instance, to control the steadiness of an atom, bond order is intended. Bond order is intended to control the strength and length of the bond. The higher value of the bond order refers to the bond is shorter, stronger, and have high bond strength.

The Bond Order can be intended by:

In  F²⁺₂.molecule, the number of valence electrons is 7.

2 atoms of F 7*2= 14 electrons

Due to positive charge of 2, the number of valence electron is condensed to 12.

Now, the MO of  is specified below in the attachment. The bond order of

Therefore,   F²⁺₂ has highest bond order and is the steadiest element.  

Details for incorrect answers:

B. The element is molecule, the number of valence electrons is 8.

2 atoms of Ne = 8*2= 16 electrons

Due to positive charge of 2, the number of valence electron is reduced to 14.

Founded on the MO diagram, the number of bonding and anti-bonding electrons are 8 and 6, respectively.

Consequently,

Therefore, the bond order of will be 1.

C. Likewise, the element F^2-₂have the number of valence electrons is 8.

2 atoms of F = 8*2= 16 electrons

Due to negative charge of 2, the number of valence electron is increased to 18.

Founded on the MO diagram, the number of bonding and anti-bonding electrons are 8 and 8, respectively.

So,

Therefore, the element will be highly unstable and will not exist.

D. Likewise the element O^2-₂ have 6 valence electrons.

2 atoms of O = 6*2= 12 electrons

Due to negative charge of 2, the number of valence electron is increased to 14.

Founded on the MO diagram, the number of bonding and anti-bonding electrons are 8 and 6, respectively.

So,

Thus, the bond order of is 1.

E. Also the element have 7 valence electrons.

2 atoms of O = 7*2= 14 electrons

Based on the MO diagram, the number of bonding and anti-bonding electrons are 8 and 6, respectively.

So,

Therefore, the bond order of  F₂ is 1.