Today, the fundamentalist movement in the Middle East calls for:

a. A move to freedom and equality for all.

b. Respect for the rights of minority groups.

c. Adherence to Islamic political traditions.

d. An embrace of Western ideas and customs.

Answer:- c. Adherence to Islamic political traditions.

The correct answer is ‘adherence to Islamic political traditions.’ Fundamentalist movements in the Middle East call for adherence to Islamic political traditions. They often call for the implementation of Sharia law, which is a system of Islamic law based on the Quran and the Sunnah.

While some fundamentalist movements may also call for freedom and equality for all, or respect for the rights of minority groups, these are not their primary goals. Their primary goal is to establish a society that is governed by Islamic law.

The idea that fundamentalist movements in the Middle East call for an embrace of Western ideas and customs is incorrect. Fundamentalist movements are often opposed to Western ideas and customs, which they see as a threat to Islamic values.